Electric Flux Gauss Law
The electric flux, through a surface, held inside an electric field represents the total number of electric lines of force crossing the surface in a direction normal to the surface.
Electric flux is a scalar quantity and is denoted by Φ.
SI unit − Nm2 C−1
Gauss Theorem
It states that the total electric flux through a closed surface enclosing a charge is equal to 
times the magnitude of the charge enclosed.
times the magnitude of the charge enclosed.
However, 
∴Gauss theorem may be expressed as
Proof
Consider that a point electric charge q is situated at the centre of a sphere of radius ‘a’.
According to Coulomb’s law,
Where, 
is unit vector along the line OP
is unit vector along the line OP
The electric flux through area element 
is given by,
is given by,
Therefore, electric flux through the closed surface of the sphere,
It proves the Gauss theorem in electrostatics.
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